Sustainable Aviation Fuel Analysis: The New Analytical Challenge

Written by Julian D. van Berkum | Aug 13, 2026, 11:08:04 PM

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is not a single compound like conventional Jet A-1. It is a blend of traditional fuel with components derived from diverse sustainable feedstocks, including fats, oils, alcohols, or pyrolysis products.

For lab personnel, this diversity creates a critical analytical challenge: a changing fuel matrix.

While final blends currently use low percentages of SAF, it's imperative to accurately measure the sustainable blend components before they are added to the Jet A-1. This is where the matrix change is most impactful, and the requirement for accurate analysis is highest.

Key Considerations of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Analysis 

Routine elemental analysis (e.g., measuring sulfur, chlorine, or metals) relies on the assumption of a consistent hydrocarbon matrix. Introducing sustainable components requires careful consideration of two primary factors:

  1. Oxygen Interference: Feedstocks derived from biogenic sources introduce significant oxygen into the sample. Oxygen is a strong X-ray absorber. If your XRF analyzer is calibrated only on a conventional mineral oil matrix, the oxygen in the SAF component will absorb the X-rays used to measure elements like sulfur, leading to a low bias (a lower-than-expected result). Depending on the sample type, matrix matching—calibrating with standards that closely mimic the sample’s composition—is required to obtain accurate values.
  2. Contaminant Risk: Waste-derived feedstocks can introduce trace interfering elements (chlorine, silicon, phosphorus) that must be precisely measured to prevent engine damage or meet final jet fuel specifications.

Related: Solving the XRF Matrix Mismatch Issue

Imperative

 Analytical goal
Safety Accurately detect and quantify trace contaminants before blending
Compliance Eliminate matrix effects for reliable sulfur and chlorine readings
Economics Ensure the quality of valuable blend components to avoid costly procedures to bring the product back in spec

 

The XOS Solution: Precision Unaffected by the Matrix

For lab managers and technicians needing reliable quality control for SAF components, the key is using technology that manages matrix complexity.

XOS elemental analyzers, including the Petra MAX and Petra SUPRA (multi-element), Sindie series (sulfur), and Clora 2XP (chlorine), utilize advanced XRF technologies like MWDXRF and EDXRF. These systems are specifically designed to:

  1. Minimize Matrix Effects: Employ optimized optics and monochromatic X-ray sources that reduce interferences.
  2. Ensure Compliance: Deliver the high precision and stability required to certify the unblended SAF components against stringent industry standards.
  3. Provide Comprehensive Analysis: Accurately measure a wide range of critical contaminants (S, Cl, P, Si, metals) for comprehensive quality assurance.

In the rapidly evolving landscape of sustainable aviation fuel analysis, better analysis counts. Our dedicated team of experts is ready to provide assistance with optimizing your application and results, ensuring you achieve the highest levels of accuracy and compliance.

Learn how our XRF analyzers can safeguard your SAF quality control. Schedule time with an expert today.

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